Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants — Class 12 MCQs with Answers
Class 12 CBSE Biology · Chapter 1
90 practice questions · 30 Easy · 30 Medium · 30 Hard · Updated
Practise the most important Class 12 CBSE Biology questions from Chapter 1, "Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants". You get 9 timed quizzes made from 90 NCERT-based MCQs, with answers and explanations. The questions are split into 30 Easy, 30 Medium and 30 Hard. Warm up on the basics, then move on to the exam-level questions that set top scorers in CBSE & Maharashtra HSC Board exams, MHT-CET and NEET UG apart.
To score well in "Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants", focus on diagrams, key terms and knowing NCERT line by line. Each MCQ here is timed and uses exam-style marking (+4 correct, −1 wrong, 0 skipped). This trains you to stay accurate under time pressure, as real papers need. Every question has a short explanation, so a wrong answer becomes a quick lesson. It is the fastest way to fix gaps before a test.
Use this chapter for focused revision. Start with the Easy set to check your basics on Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, then move to Medium and Hard to practise applying them. Your accuracy, streaks and XP save automatically. This chapter also adds to your overall Class 12 Biology mastery score. 14 sample questions are solved in full below, with the answer and a worked explanation. Sign in free to start practising.
Key concepts: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants (Class 12 Biology)
Reproduction in flowering plants: the stamen and pistil, microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis building the male and female gametophytes, pollination and its outbreeding devices, the double fertilisation unique to angiosperms, and the post-fertilisation making of seed, endosperm and fruit.
- Microsporogenesis
- Formation of haploid microspores from a diploid microspore mother cell by meiosis; each MMC gives a tetrad of four pollen grains inside the anther.
- Tapetum
- Innermost nutritive wall layer of the microsporangium; nourishes developing pollen and supplies sporopollenin. Its cells are often multinucleate/polyploid.
- Pollen grain
- The male gametophyte; wall has a durable outer exine of sporopollenin (with germ pores) and inner intine. Shed at the 2-celled (vegetative + generative) stage.
- Megasporogenesis
- Formation of megaspores from a diploid megaspore mother cell by meiosis; a linear tetrad forms and usually only one chalazal megaspore stays functional.
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants — important questions & MCQs with answers (Class 12 Biology)
14 solved questions from this chapter's difficulty levels, each with its answer and explanation. The other 76 are timed and scored when you sign in.
- Q1Easy
Male reproductive part of flower:
A.PetalB.CarpelC.SepalD.Stamen✓ CorrectAnswer: D. Stamen
Explanation: The stamen is the flower's male whorl (androecium), made of a filament and a pollen-bearing anther; the carpel (gynoecium) is the separate female part — don't swap the two whorls.
- Q2Easy
Pollination by wind is:
A.Anemophily✓ CorrectB.HydrophilyC.EntomophilyD.OrnithophilyAnswer: A. Anemophily
Explanation: Anemophily is wind pollination, relying on light, dry, non-sticky pollen produced in huge amounts; entomophily (insects) and hydrophily (water) use very different pollen adaptations, so don't confuse the terms.
- Q3Easy
The male reproductive part of a flower, collectively called the androecium, is made up of:
A.Stamens✓ CorrectB.CarpelsC.SepalsD.PetalsAnswer: A. Stamens
Explanation: The androecium is the male whorl of the flower, made up of stamens; each stamen has an anther (produces pollen) atop a filament — the gynoecium (carpels) is the separate female whorl.
- Q4Easy
Transfer of pollen to the stigma of the same flower is called:
A.XenogamyB.GeitonogamyC.Autogamy✓ CorrectD.AllogamyAnswer: C. Autogamy
Explanation: Autogamy is self-pollination within the same flower, pollen moving from anther to stigma of that flower; geitonogamy, by contrast, moves pollen between two flowers on the same plant.
- Q5Easy
A typical angiosperm anther is:
A.TrilobedB.Unilobed and monosporangiateC.Bilobed and tetrasporangiate (dithecous)✓ CorrectD.Without sporangiaAnswer: C. Bilobed and tetrasporangiate (dithecous)
Explanation: A typical anther is bilobed and dithecous, with two microsporangia per lobe — four microsporangia total, making it tetrasporangiate; a 'unilobed' anther is the common wrong-answer trap.
- Q6Easy
Pollination between two flowers of genetically different plants is termed:
A.CleistogamyB.AutogamyC.GeitonogamyD.Xenogamy✓ CorrectAnswer: D. Xenogamy
Explanation: Xenogamy transfers pollen between genetically different plants, giving true cross-pollination; geitonogamy looks similar (a pollinator visits another flower) but is genetically self-pollination since both flowers share one plant.
- Q7Medium
Microspore mother cell undergoes ___ to give pollen.
A.Meiosis✓ CorrectB.Mitosis onlyC.No divisionD.Binary fissionAnswer: A. Meiosis
Explanation: The diploid microspore mother cell undergoes meiosis (reduction division), producing a tetrad of four haploid microspores that mature into pollen — mitosis alone could not halve the chromosome number.
- Q8Medium
Double fertilisation in angiosperms produces:
A.Two zygotesB.Zygote and primary endosperm nucleus✓ CorrectC.Two endospermsD.Single embryo onlyAnswer: B. Zygote and primary endosperm nucleus
Explanation: Double fertilisation gives two distinct products: syngamy (sperm + egg) forms the diploid zygote, and triple fusion (sperm + two polar nuclei) forms the triploid primary endosperm nucleus — not two zygotes or two endosperms.
- Q9Medium
A microspore mother cell undergoing microsporogenesis produces how many microspores?
A.OneB.TwoC.Four✓ CorrectD.EightAnswer: C. Four
Explanation: One microspore mother cell undergoes a single meiosis to yield a tetrad of exactly four haploid microspores — the same '1 meiosis to 4 products' rule applies to any diploid cell undergoing reduction division.
- Q10Medium
Self-incompatibility is a genetic mechanism that:
A.Prevents pollen formationB.Promotes self-pollinationC.Prevents self-pollen from fertilising the ovules✓ CorrectD.Causes male sterilityAnswer: C. Prevents self-pollen from fertilising the ovules
Explanation: Self-incompatibility is a genetic mechanism in which the pistil recognises and blocks self (or genetically similar) pollen from germinating or growing down to fertilise the ovule, actively promoting outbreeding.
- Q11Medium
The generative cell of a pollen grain divides to form two male gametes. This division is:
A.Mitotic✓ CorrectB.MeioticC.AmitoticD.ReductionalAnswer: A. Mitotic
Explanation: The haploid generative cell divides mitotically, not meiotically, to give two male gametes — since it is already haploid, a further reduction division is neither needed nor possible.
- Q12Hard
Apomixis is:
A.Asexual reproduction mimicking sexual seed formation✓ CorrectB.Cross-pollinationC.Self-pollinationD.Vegetative budding onlyAnswer: A. Asexual reproduction mimicking sexual seed formation
Explanation: Apomixis is asexual reproduction that produces seeds without fertilisation, so the embryo is a genetic clone of the parent; it's valuable in hybrid seed production because it locks in hybrid vigour across generations without repeated crossing.
- Q13Hard
Endosperm in angiosperms is:
A.DiploidB.Triploid (3n)✓ CorrectC.HaploidD.TetraploidAnswer: B. Triploid (3n)
Explanation: Endosperm is triploid (3n) because triple fusion joins the two haploid polar nuclei of the central cell with one haploid sperm; the zygote from the separate syngamy event is only 2n — mixing up which fusion gives which ploidy is the classic slip.
- Q14Hard
Assertion: The tapetum is essential for pollen development. Reason: It supplies nutrition and sporopollenin precursors to microspores. Choose the correct option.
A.Both assertion and reason are true and reason explains assertion✓ CorrectB.Both true but reason does not explain assertionC.Assertion true, reason falseD.Both falseAnswer: A. Both assertion and reason are true and reason explains assertion
Explanation: Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the assertion: the tapetum supplies nutrition plus the sporopollenin precursors and pollenkitt that developing microspores need for pollen development.
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Start this chapter free →Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants — FAQs
What are the key concepts in Class 12 Biology Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants?+
Reproduction in flowering plants: the stamen and pistil, microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis building the male and female gametophytes, pollination and its outbreeding devices, the double fertilisation unique to angiosperms, and the post-fertilisation making of seed, endosperm and fruit. Key ideas include Microsporogenesis, Tapetum, Pollen grain, Megasporogenesis.
What does Class 12 Biology Chapter 1 (Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants) cover on XamBaaz?+
It has 90 NCERT-based MCQs on "Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants": 30 Easy, 30 Medium and 30 Hard. Together they make 9 timed quizzes, and you never get the same set twice. Every question has an instant explanation. They help you prepare for CBSE & Maharashtra HSC Board exams, MHT-CET and NEET UG.
Are these "Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants" questions free to practise?+
Yes. Sign in with Google to practise "Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants" free. Full unlimited access is ₹999/year on a launch offer until 1 December 2026. No chapter is charged separately.
How should I revise "Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants" for the exam?+
Start with the Easy quiz to check your basics, then try Medium and Hard to practise applying them. There are 9 timed quizzes on this chapter, so you can come back for a fresh set instead of one you have seen. Read each explanation, retry the questions you miss, and track your accuracy until it stays high.
Are these "Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants" MCQs available with answers?+
Yes. 14 sample questions are shown here in full, each with the correct option and a step-by-step "Why" explanation. Sign in free with Google to start practising, with instant scoring.
Is there negative marking in the "Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants" quizzes?+
Yes. The timed quizzes use exam-style marking: +4 for a right answer, −1 for a wrong one and 0 for a skip, the same negative marking as NEET UG. MHT-CET and CBSE board papers have no negative marking. Our mocks for those are scored their way.
What are the important questions from Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants (Class 12 Biology)?+
The questions that matter most test Microsporogenesis, Tapetum, Pollen grain, Megasporogenesis. This page shows 14 solved important MCQs with answers and explanations; all 90 questions on the chapter are available as timed quizzes once you sign in.
Is there an online quiz for Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants?+
Yes — Class 12 Biology Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants has timed online quizzes at Easy, Medium and Hard levels, with instant scoring and a worked explanation on every question. The first quiz on the chapter is free.