How do Organisms Reproduce? — Class 10 MCQs with Answers

How do Organisms Reproduce? — important questions & MCQs with answers (Class 10 Science (Biology))

6 solved questions from this chapter's difficulty levels, each with its answer and explanation. Tap an option to check yourself.

0 of 6 answered

1. Q1 of 6Easy

   Amoeba reproduces by:

   ABinary fissionBBuddingCSpore formationDFertilisation
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   Answer: Binary fission

   Explanation: Amoeba undergoes binary fission, splitting its single cell into two roughly equal daughter cells; unlike budding, no smaller outgrowth develops first.

2. Q2 of 6Easy

   Reproduction is the process of:

   AProducing offspringBObtaining foodCExcretionDRespiration
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   Answer: Producing offspring

   Explanation: Reproduction is the process by which organisms produce offspring like themselves, ensuring their species continues — unlike feeding, excretion or respiration, which sustain only the individual.

3. Q3 of 6Medium

   Papaya and watermelon flowers are:

   AUnisexualBBisexualCSterileDAlways self-pollinated
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   Answer: Unisexual

   Explanation: Papaya and watermelon bear unisexual flowers — each flower has either stamens or a pistil, never both — unlike bisexual flowers such as hibiscus that carry both in one flower.

4. Q4 of 6Medium

   Assertion (A): In human beings, fertilisation takes place in the uterus. Reason (R): The lining of the uterus thickens and is richly supplied with blood to nourish the growing embryo.

   ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of ABBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of ACA is true but R is falseDA is false but R is true
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   Answer: A is false but R is true

   Explanation: A is false: in human beings, fertilisation occurs in the fallopian tube (oviduct). R is true.

5. Q5 of 6Hard

   Sperm contains a tail mainly to:

   AProtect headBCarry foodCSwim toward the ovumDDetect light
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   Answer: Swim toward the ovum

   Explanation: The sperm's whip-like tail provides motility, propelling it through the female reproductive tract so it can swim toward and reach the ovum for fertilisation.

6. Q6 of 6Hard

   Assertion (A): Oral contraceptive pills work by forming a mechanical barrier so that sperm does not reach the egg. Reason (R): Condoms, and similar coverings worn in the vagina, act as mechanical barriers.

   ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of ABBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of ACA is true but R is falseDA is false but R is true
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   Answer: A is false but R is true

   Explanation: A is false: oral pills change the hormonal balance of the body so that eggs are not released. R is true.

How do Organisms Reproduce? notes: key concepts (Class 10 Science (Biology))

Reproduction ensures the continuity of a species and, through sexual reproduction, generates the variation on which evolution depends. This chapter covers asexual modes, reproduction in flowering plants, the human reproductive systems, contraception and reproductive health.

Importance of reproduction

It is not needed to keep an individual alive but is essential for the survival of the species and the source of variation.

DNA copying and variation

Reproduction begins with copying the DNA; small inaccuracies produce variations that make a population resilient to change.

Fission

A single cell divides into two (binary fission, as in Amoeba) or many (multiple fission, as in Plasmodium).

Budding

An outgrowth on the parent develops into a new individual and detaches, as in Hydra and yeast.

Fragmentation and regeneration

The body breaks into pieces that each grow into a full organism, as in Spirogyra; regeneration rebuilds lost parts, as in Planaria.

Vegetative propagation

New plants from roots, stems or leaves, preserving the parent's characters and allowing flowerless plants to be multiplied.

Spore formation

Reproduction by tough, protected spores, as in Rhizopus, which survive adverse conditions and germinate when moisture returns.

Structure of a flower

Sepals, petals, stamens and carpel; stamens and carpel are the essential reproductive whorls.

Pollination

Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma — self-pollination within a flower, cross-pollination between flowers by wind, water or animals.

Fertilisation in plants

The pollen tube carries the male gamete to the ovule; after fusion the ovule becomes the seed and the ovary the fruit.

Human male reproductive system

Testes produce sperm and testosterone, kept in the scrotum at a temperature below body temperature for sperm production.

Human female reproductive system

Ovaries release an egg; fertilisation occurs in the oviduct and the embryo implants and develops in the uterus.

Menstruation

The monthly shedding of the uterine lining when the released egg is not fertilised, lasting a few days in an approximately 28-day cycle.

Placenta

The tissue linking embryo to uterine wall, providing nutrients and oxygen and removing wastes.

Contraception

Methods of preventing pregnancy — barrier, hormonal, intrauterine devices and surgical — each acting at a different stage.

Reproductive health

Physical and mental well-being in reproductive matters, including prevention of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV-AIDS.