Resources and Development — Class 10 MCQs with Answers
Class 10 CBSE Geography · Chapter 1
68 practice questions · 22 Easy · 25 Medium · 21 Hard · Updated
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Practise the most important Class 10 CBSE Geography questions from Chapter 1, "Resources and Development". You get 7 timed quizzes made from 68 NCERT-based MCQs, with answers and explanations. The questions are split into 22 Easy, 25 Medium and 21 Hard. Warm up on the basics, then move on to the exam-level questions that top scorers in CBSE Board exams get right.
To score well in "Resources and Development", focus on dates, cause and effect, and reading maps and sources. Each MCQ here is timed and uses exam-style marking (+4 correct, −1 wrong, 0 skipped). This helps you stay accurate when time is short, just as real papers need. Every question has a short explanation, so a wrong answer becomes a quick lesson. It is the fastest way to fix gaps before a test.
Use this chapter for focused revision. Start with the Easy set to check your basics on Resources and Development, then move to Medium and Hard to practise applying them. Your accuracy, streaks and XP save automatically. This chapter also adds to your overall Class 10 Geography mastery score. Try the 6 sample questions below: tap an option to see the answer and a worked explanation. Sign in free to start practising.
Resources and Development — important questions & MCQs with answers (Class 10 Geography)
6 solved questions from this chapter's difficulty levels, each with its answer and explanation. Tap an option to check yourself.
0 of 6 answered
- Q1 of 6Easy
According to the chapter, which of the following are themselves essential components of resources?
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Answer: Human beings
Explanation: The chapter states that human beings themselves are essential components of resources; they transform material available in the environment into resources and use them.
- Q2 of 6Easy
Which soil does the chapter describe as the most widely spread and important soil of India?
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Answer: Alluvial soil
Explanation: Alluvial soil is the most widely spread and important soil; the entire northern plains are made of it, deposited by the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra river systems.
- Q3 of 6Medium
Why does the chapter say that resource conservation at various levels is important?
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Answer: Over-utilisation of resources may lead to socio-economic and environmental problems
Explanation: Resources are vital for any developmental activity, but irrational consumption and over-utilisation of resources may lead to socio-economic and environmental problems; to overcome these, resource conservation at various levels is important.
- Q4 of 6Medium
When running water cuts through clayey soils to form deep channels, the badland (ravine) topography it creates is the result of:
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Answer: Gully erosion
Explanation: Gully erosion carves deep channels (gullies) into clayey soils, making land unfit for cultivation — e.g. the Chambal ravines.
- Q5 of 6Hard
Sustainable development means:
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Answer: Meeting present needs without compromising future generations
Explanation: The chapter defines sustainable economic development as development that takes place without damaging the environment, in which development in the present does not compromise with the needs of future generations.
- Q6 of 6Hard
Assertion (A): Land use data is available for the entire geographical area of India. Reason (R): Land use reporting for most of the north-east states except Assam has not been done fully.
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Answer: A is false but R is true
Explanation: A is false: land use data is available for only 93 per cent of the total geographical area. R is true, and together with the unsurveyed areas of Jammu and Kashmir occupied by Pakistan and China, it is why the data is incomplete.
Resources and Development notes: key concepts (Class 10 Geography)
Classifies resources by origin, exhaustibility, ownership and development, stressing planning and conservation. Covers India's major soils—alluvial (bangar and khadar), black cotton (regur), red, laterite and arid—their crops and formation, plus soil erosion, conservation and Rio's Agenda 21 for sustainable development.
| Basis | Categories |
|---|---|
| Origin | Biotic, abiotic |
| Exhaustibility | Renewable, non-renewable |
| Ownership | Individual, community, national, international |
| Status of development | Potential, developed stock, reserves |
| Relief | Share of the land area | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| Plains | About 43% | Agriculture and industry |
| Mountains | 30% | Perennial flow of some rivers |
| Plateaus | About 27% | Minerals, fossil fuels and forests |
| Soil | Formed by / in | Key trait | Crops or use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alluvial | River deposits (Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra) | Most widespread; very fertile | Wheat, rice, sugarcane |
| Black (regur) | Lava flows, Deccan trap region | Holds moisture; cracks aerate it | Cotton |
| Red and yellow | Crystalline igneous rocks, low rainfall | Red from iron; yellow when hydrated | — |
| Laterite | High temperature, heavy rain, intense leaching | Generally poor in plant nutrients | Tea, coffee, cashew after manuring |
| Arid | Dry regions like Rajasthan | Sandy, saline; low humus and moisture | Infertile without irrigation |
- 1968Club of Rome advocates resource conservation in a systematic way
- 1974Schumacher presents Gandhian philosophy again in Small is Beautiful
- 1987Brundtland Commission Report introduces Sustainable Development (book: Our Common Future)
- June 1992First International Earth Summit at Rio de Janeiro adopts Agenda 21
- Renewable vs Non-renewable
- Renewable resources (solar, wind, water, forests) can be replenished; non-renewable ones (coal, petroleum, minerals) took ages to form and can exhaust.
- Resource Ownership
- On the basis of ownership, resources are classified as individual, community, national and international.
- Potential vs Reserve
- Potential resources exist but are unused (Rajasthan's solar/wind); reserves are the part of the stock that present technology can actually tap.
- Alluvial Soil
- India's most widespread and fertile soil, deposited by rivers; ideal for wheat, rice and sugarcane across the northern plains.
- Bangar and Khadar
- Two types of alluvial soil: bangar is older, higher, with lime nodules (kankar); khadar is newer, finer floodplain soil and more fertile.
- Black Soil (Regur)
- Formed from lava, moisture-retentive and rich in lime and magnesia; best for cotton, hence 'black cotton soil', common on the Deccan.
- Laterite Soil
- Develops in high temperature and heavy rain with intense leaching; suits tea, coffee and cashew after manuring, found in hilly regions.
- Red and Yellow Soil
- Forms on crystalline igneous rocks in low-rainfall areas; reddish from iron oxide, yellow when hydrated, over the eastern and southern Deccan.
- Arid Soil
- Sandy, saline soil of dry regions like Rajasthan; low in humus and moisture, and its salt content makes it infertile without irrigation.
- Soil Erosion
- Removal of topsoil faster than it forms, by running water or wind; gully erosion cuts ravines (badland), sheet erosion strips soil evenly.
- Soil Conservation
- Contour ploughing, terrace farming and strip cropping check erosion on slopes; shelter belts of trees slow wind erosion in dry areas.
- Rio Earth Summit (1992)
- The UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro adopted Agenda 21, a plan for global sustainable development.
- Sustainable Development
- Development that meets present needs without harming future generations' ability to meet theirs; Gandhi warned against greed over need.
- Resource Planning
- A three-step strategy: survey and map resources, build the technology and skills to use them, and match resource use with development plans.
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Resources and Development — FAQs
What are the key concepts in Class 10 Geography Resources and Development?+
Classifies resources by origin, exhaustibility, ownership and development, stressing planning and conservation. Covers India's major soils—alluvial (bangar and khadar), black cotton (regur), red, laterite and arid—their crops and formation, plus soil erosion, conservation and Rio's Agenda 21 for sustainable development. Key ideas include Renewable vs Non-renewable, Resource Ownership, Potential vs Reserve, Alluvial Soil, Bangar and Khadar, Black Soil (Regur).
What does Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 (Resources and Development) cover on XamBaaz?+
It has 68 NCERT-based MCQs on "Resources and Development": 22 Easy, 25 Medium and 21 Hard. Together they make 7 timed quizzes, and you never get the same set twice. Every question has an instant explanation. They help you prepare for CBSE Board exams.
Are these "Resources and Development" questions free to practise?+
Yes. Sign in with Google to practise "Resources and Development" free. Full unlimited access is ₹999/year. One year from the day you pay. You stay in Class 10 till 31 March; on 1 April your account moves up to Class 11 and the rest of your year carries over. No chapter is charged separately.
How should I revise "Resources and Development" for the exam?+
Start with the Easy quiz to check your basics, then try Medium and Hard to practise applying them. There are 7 timed quizzes on this chapter, so you can come back for a fresh set instead of one you have seen. Read each explanation, retry the questions you miss, and track your accuracy until it stays high.
Are these "Resources and Development" MCQs available with answers?+
Yes. 6 sample questions are on this page with answers: tap an option, or "Show answer", to see the correct option and a step-by-step explanation. Sign in free with Google to start practising, with instant scoring.
Is there negative marking in the "Resources and Development" quizzes?+
Yes. The timed quizzes use exam-style marking: +4 for a right answer, −1 for a wrong one and 0 for a skip. MHT-CET and CBSE board papers have no negative marking. Our mocks for those are scored their way.
What are the important questions from Resources and Development (Class 10 Geography)?+
The questions that matter most test Renewable vs Non-renewable, Resource Ownership, Potential vs Reserve, Alluvial Soil, Bangar and Khadar, Black Soil (Regur). This page shows 6 solved important MCQs with answers and explanations. Sign in to practise all 68 questions on the chapter as timed quizzes.
Is there an online quiz for Resources and Development?+
Yes — Class 10 Geography Resources and Development has timed online quizzes at Easy, Medium and Hard levels, with instant scoring and a worked explanation on every question. The first quiz on the chapter is free.
Are there question answers and extra questions for Resources and Development (Class 10 Geography)?+
Yes. This page has 6 solved questions on Resources and Development, each with the correct answer and a short explanation. Sign in to practise all 68 questions on the chapter as timed quizzes.
Are there assertion–reason and case study questions for Resources and Development (Class 10 Geography)?+
Yes. The Resources and Development question bank has 6 assertion–reason questions and 3 case-based (case study) questions in the CBSE board format, alongside the regular MCQs. Each comes with the answer and a worked explanation. Sign in to practise them in timed quizzes.