Class 12 Mathematics — Chapter 13: Probability
66 practice questions · 22 Easy · 22 Medium · 22 Hard
Practise Class 12 Mathematics Chapter 13, "Probability", with 66 NCERT-aligned multiple-choice questions. The set is split into 22 Easy, 22 Medium and 22 Hard questions, so you can warm up on the fundamentals and then push into the exam-level problems that separate top scorers in CBSE Board exams, JEE Main and JEE Advanced.
"Probability" is one of the chapters where problem-solving speed, formula recall and step-by-step reasoning really pays off. Each MCQ on this chapter is timed and uses exam-grade marking (+2 correct, −1 wrong, 0 skipped), training the same accuracy-under-pressure that real papers demand. Every question carries a short explanation, so a wrong answer becomes a quick lesson rather than a dead end — the fastest way to close gaps before a test.
Use this chapter as targeted revision: attempt the Easy set first to confirm your basics on Probability, then move to Medium and Hard to test application and problem-solving. Your accuracy, streaks and XP save automatically, and the chapter feeds into your overall Class 12 Mathematics mastery score. A few sample questions are shown below; sign in free to practise all 66.
Key concepts: Probability (Class 12 Mathematics)
This chapter covers conditional probability, the multiplication theorem, independence, Bayes' theorem, and probability distributions of a random variable.
- Conditional probability
- P(A|B) = P(A∩B)/P(B), the probability of A given that B has occurred (P(B) ≠ 0).
- Multiplication theorem
- P(A∩B) = P(A)·P(B|A) = P(B)·P(A|B).
- Independent events
- A and B are independent if P(A∩B) = P(A)·P(B); then P(A|B) = P(A).
- Bayes' theorem
- Updates the probability of a cause given an observed effect, using prior probabilities and the theorem of total probability.
- Random variable & distribution
- A random variable assigns numbers to outcomes; its probability distribution lists values with probabilities and gives the mean (expectation).
Key formulas — Probability
💡 Exam tips for Probability
- Independence (P(A∩B)=P(A)P(B)) is not the same as mutually exclusive (P(A∩B)=0) — don't confuse them.
- Bayes' theorem problems: identify the priors P(Eᵢ) and the likelihoods P(A|Eᵢ) clearly before substituting.
Sample questions
P(A|B) =
Conditional probability.
Bayes' theorem reverses:
Updates probabilities given evidence.
Total probability theorem decomposes P(B) using:
P(B) = Σ P(B|Aᵢ)P(Aᵢ).
Probability — FAQs
What are the key concepts in Class 12 Mathematics Probability?+
This chapter covers conditional probability, the multiplication theorem, independence, Bayes' theorem, and probability distributions of a random variable. Key ideas include Conditional probability, Multiplication theorem, Independent events, Bayes' theorem, Random variable & distribution.
What does Class 12 Mathematics Chapter 13 (Probability) cover on XamBaaz?+
It covers 66 NCERT-aligned MCQs on "Probability" — 22 Easy, 22 Medium and 22 Hard — each with a timed quiz and an instant explanation, suitable for CBSE Board exams, JEE Main and JEE Advanced.
Are these "Probability" questions free to practise?+
Yes — sign in with Google to practise "Probability" free. Full unlimited access is ₹999/year (limited-time launch price), with no per-chapter charges.
How should I revise "Probability" for the exam?+
Start with the Easy quiz to confirm your fundamentals, then attempt Medium and Hard for application-level practice. Review each explanation, retry the questions you miss, and track your accuracy on this chapter until it is consistently high.
Practise all 66 questions free
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